The net charge is zero such ions are called ZwitterionsĪt alkaline pH, the amino group is neutral –NH2 and the amino acid is in the anionic form. Neutral pH, the carboxyl group is deprotonated but the amino group is protonated. Acidic polar (negatively charged).Īt acidic pH, the carboxyl group is protonated and the amino acid is in the cationic form At polar amino acids with a charge: amino acid that contain in their side chain O,N and they can dissolve in water ( like dissolve like ) hydrophilic (love water),tend to found on surface A. Non-polar (Hydrophobic amino acid) : are amino acid that contain C,H in their side chain (hate water, normally buried inside the protein core) 2. Proline It is unique among the 20 protein-forming amino acids in that the amine nitrogen is bound to not one but two alkyl groups, thus making it a secondary amine.ġ.The simplest, and smallest, amino acid found in proteins is glycine for which the R-group is a hydrogen (H).Non essential amino acids: Not required in diet.Essential amino acids: Humans incapable of forming requisite and must be Required in diet.Side chain (All amino acids found in proteins have this basic structure, differing only in the structure of the Rgroup or the side chain.) (Building blocks of proteins which linked to peptide bond ) 2- Lipid Principal of energy reserve.ģ- Proteins Energy for growth and cellular maintance. Food are divided into three classes : 1- Carbohydrate Source of energy.
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